60-61), but it is immensely popular nonetheless.įind a reference (in print or online) which clearly demonstrates, or is clearly based on, the ideographic notion.Ī.From this source, note down one specific statement or claim demonstrating this notion.ī.Formulate a counter-argument against this specific statement or claim, basing yourself (at least in part) on the information in section 3.1. the notion "that Chinese characters in some platonic fashion directly represent ideas rather than specific Chinese words" may be "patently absurd" (pp. Is the language encoded by the oracle bone script the undisputed precursor of the modern Sinitic languages?ģ. What is the oldest Sinitic phase which has been reconstructed in phonological detail? Please give (approximate) dates.į. Please give the English and in Mandarin names for each of these, as well as the Chinese characters (简体 & 繁體) for each name.Į. Can you name (at least) seven different Sinitic languages? Is the oracle bone script the undisputed precursor of the modern Chinese character script?ĭ. writing systems of the world which (as far as we know) developed independently?Ĭ. Can you name (at least) three families of scripts, i.e. In English, do you know a term for the study of writing systems? And in Mandarin?ī. 58, the origins of Chinese characters are outlined.Ī. Note down any difficulties you may have in reading the text, and bring your notes to class.Ģ. Names and dates for dynasties, historical periods and historical figures Technical terms in English and in Mandarin (including the corresponding Chinese characters) In preparing this text, please check that you are familiar with Read the assigned chapter from Jerry Norman's Chinese. Please make sure you prepare your answers to all questions & assignments in writing.ġ. It may involve more reference checking than would seem at first glance. Study suggestions Time management: do not underestimate assignment #5 below. This book is widely available and inexpensive. Highly recommended: a "must-read" classic. Norman's work is available from the Asian Library, on the linguistics handbooks shelves. No preparation is needed for this text.Ĭambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988, Chapter 3 = pp. Translated by 丁邦新 Pang-Hsin Ting.Ĭhao's 序 will be handed out and introduced in class. Translation of Yuen Ren Chao, A grammar of spoken Chinese.īerkeley: University of California Press, 1968. 香港 Hong Kong: 中文大學出版社 Chinese University Press, 1980, frontispiece. In conclusion, the authors discuss their account of spatial development in relation to various approaches to cognitive development in other domains, including quantitative development, theory of mind, and language acquisition. Topics covered include spatial coding during infancy and childhood the early origins of coding distance in continuous space, of coding location with respect to distal external landmarks, and of hierarchical combination of information the mental processes that O p e r ate on stored spatial information spatial information as encoded in models and maps and spatial information as encoded in language. They show how biological preparedness interacts with the spatial environment that infants encounter after birth to create spatial development and mature spatial competence. Nora Newcombe and Janellen Huttenlocher argue for an interactionist approach to spatial development that incorporates and integrates essential insights of the classic three approaches. The Vygotskan approach emphasizes the cultural transmission of spatial skills.' Nativists suggest that the essential aspects of spatial understanding are innate and that biological maturation of specific brain areas can accountįor whatever aspects of spatial development are not accounted for at birth. They develop such knowledge through experience and manipulation of their environment. Followers of Piaget claim that infants are born without knowledge of space or a conception of permanent objects that occupy space. Until recently three approaches have dominated thinking about spatial development.
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To understand human cognitive functioning, we must understand how people code the locations of things, how they navigate in the world, and how they represent and mentally manipulate spatial information. Spatial competence is a central aspect of human adaptation. (Learning, Development, and Conceptual Change)īy Nora S. Mak-ing Space: The Development of Spatial Representation and Reasoning Making Space: The Development of Spatial Representation and Reasoning
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